- 用 Wizard 开发 contract
 https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/wizard
 Mintable : mint nft
 Auto increment Ids : id 自动增持
 Burnable : 销毁 nft
 Pausable : 暂停 nft 转移
 Enumerable : 查看总发行量
 URI storage 的 uri
 Ownable: 所有权控制,一个管理员
 Roles: 所有权控制,多个管理员
 Transparent: 透明代理
 UUPS: 代理合约解决可冲突问题
 
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC721/ERC721Upgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721EnumerableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721URIStorageUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/security/PausableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721BurnableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712Upgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC721/extensions/draft-ERC721VotesUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/CountersUpgradeable.sol";
/// @custom:security-contact [email protected]
contract Dragon is Initializable, ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721EnumerableUpgradeable, ERC721URIStorageUpgradeable, PausableUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable, ERC721BurnableUpgradeable, EIP712Upgradeable, ERC721VotesUpgradeable {
    using CountersUpgradeable for CountersUpgradeable.Counter;
    CountersUpgradeable.Counter private _tokenIdCounter;
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }
    function initialize() initializer public {
        __ERC721_init("Dragon", "Drag");
        __ERC721Enumerable_init();
        __ERC721URIStorage_init();
        __Pausable_init();
        __Ownable_init();
        __ERC721Burnable_init();
        __EIP712_init("Dragon", "1");
        __ERC721Votes_init();
    }
    function pause() public onlyOwner {
        _pause();
    }
    function unpause() public onlyOwner {
        _unpause();
    }
    function safeMint(address to, string memory uri) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, uint256 batchSize)
        internal
        whenNotPaused
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721EnumerableUpgradeable)
    {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId, batchSize);
    }
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, uint256 batchSize)
        internal
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721VotesUpgradeable)
    {
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId, batchSize);
    }
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId)
        internal
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721URIStorageUpgradeable)
    {
        super._burn(tokenId);
    }
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId)
        public
        view
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721URIStorageUpgradeable)
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return super.tokenURI(tokenId);
    }
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        override(ERC721Upgradeable, ERC721EnumerableUpgradeable, ERC721URIStorageUpgradeable)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }
}
2.remix https://remix.ethereum.org/
3. 去掉 safemint 的 onlyowner,所有人都可 mint
    function safeMint(address to, string memory uri) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }
    function safeMint(address to, string memory uri) public  {
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }
4. 定义一个最大发行量
    uint256 MAX = 1000;
    function safeMint(address to, string memory uri) public  {
        require(_tokenIdCounter.current() <= MAX, "exceed");
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }
5. 上传元数据到 ipfs
https://console.filebase.com/
6. 元数据的格式是 json
{
    "description": "dragon", 
    "external_url": "https://openseacreatures.io/3", 
    "image": "https://ipfs.filebase.io/ipfs/QmewcWVm6zmnCEwDzZSanrzdFNdzCF8X4Tfo5Qi87Qdhrf", 
    "name": "dragon",
    "attributes": [
      {
        "trait_type": "Base", 
        "value": "Starfish"
      }, 
      {
        "trait_type": "Eyes", 
        "value": "Big"
      }, 
      {
        "trait_type": "Mouth", 
        "value": "Surprised"
      }, 
      {
        "trait_type": "Level", 
        "value": 5
      }   
    ]
  }
7. 修改代码
    string  uri="ipfs://QmPHcbAwnaGkGm939xRzhwXuYVe12iqCKezDccJcmqf8p5";
    function safeMint(address to) public {
        require(_tokenIdCounter.current() <= MAX, "exceed");
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }
8. 创一个 alchemy 账户,选择 Sepolia 测试网
https://dashboard.alchemy.com/
Sepolia 水龙头  https://sepoliafaucet.com/):
9. 在 metamask 中添加 alchemy 节点
10. 编译并开启优化
11. 部署
11. 在 test opensea 上查看  https://testnets.opensea.io/
